한국 사회의 차별 언어

한국 사회의 차별 언어

저자 : 이정복 교수(대구대학교 국어국문학과)

국제화와 다문화 시대를 맞이하여 혼돈스런 한국어 모습들.

그 중에서 특히 알게 모르게 사용하는 차별 언어를 집중 연구한 저서입니다.

 

  

페이지수: 450P 신국판형 정가 :20,000원

발행일 : 2014년02월17일

 ISBN : 978-89-93454-79-6-93700

 

 

 

  

 

한국어에는 소수자들을 차별하는 표현들이 부끄러울 정도로 많고, 우리 사회에는 의식적, 무의식적 차별 행위와 차별 언어 사용이 넘쳐 난다. 지난 시절, 장애인에 대한 차별이 제일 심했고 지금도 그런 편이지만 키, 몸무게, 피부색깔 등 외모만 보고 능력

이나 심성, 태도와 무관하게 그 사람 전체를 쉽게 평가해 버리는 일이 많다. ‘짱께’니 ‘쪽발이’, ‘오랑캐’라고 하여 이웃 민족을 비하는 것은 물론이고 외국인, 특히 흑인이나 동남아 출신들에 대해서 ‘껌둥이’, ‘똥남아’, ‘파키 방글 찌끄래기들’이라는 말로 멸시하는 차별적 시각도 강하다. ‘공순이’, ‘노가다’, ‘잡상인’ 등의 표현을 씀으로써 사회적으로 선호하지 않는 직업 종사자에 대한

깔보기, ‘개독교’, ‘먹사’, ‘개불’, ‘땡중’ 등의 말로 다른 종교 신자에 대한 적대적 태도 드러내기 또한 쉽게 관찰되는 언어 차별 행위이다. 아직도 ‘김여사’, ‘된장녀’, ‘여자가 뭘 안다고’라는 말을 쓰면서 세상의 반을 차지하는 여성들을 무시하고 억압하려는 겁 없는 남성들이 많다.

이 책은 한국 사회에서 관찰되는 다양한 차별 언어의 쓰임을 종합적으로 살펴보고, 그것이 가진 문제점과 그 해소 방안을 찾아보는 데 목적이 있다. 모두 3부로 구성되며, 제1부에서는 차별 언어의 개념이 무엇인지와 관련하여 기존 연구를 검토하고 새롭게 개념 정의를 내린다. 이어서 차별 언어의 유형을 성차별, 인종 차별, 장애 차별, 지역 차별, 직업 차별, 종교 차별, 기타 차별로 나누어 관련 연구 현황을 살펴볼 것이다. 제2부의 8개 각 장에서는 한국어의 차별 언어 쓰임 실태를 차별 영역별로 나누어 상세

히 분석한다. 제3부에서는 차별 언어 또는 그 사용의 문제점과 해결 방안을 생각해 보기로 하겠다. ‘개인 및 가정, 사회 및 국가, 인류 공동체’ 차원에서 차별 언어가 가진 문제점들이 무엇인지를 정리하고, ‘정부 차원, 언론 및 사회 차원, 개인 차원’으로 나누어 문제 해결 방안을 제시한다.

이 연구는 차별 언어에 대한 종합적 기술을 통하여 한국어 및 차별 관련 연구자들에게 차별 언어에 대한 체계적 정보를 제공하는 데 일차적 의의를 둔다. 이를 바탕으로 차별 언어 연구에 대한 학계의 적극적 관심과 연구 필요성을 환기하고, 나아가 관련 분야의 다양한 후속 연구들을 이끌어 내는 효과가 나왔으면 하는 마음이다. 이 연구 결과를 통하여 각종 차별 행위에서 차별 언어가 차지하는 높은 비중을 파악하고, 차별 행위를 줄이기 위한 정책 구상 및 시행에서 언어 분야에 더 많은 관심을 기울일 수 있기를 바란다.

 

목차

머리말/5

1부_ 차별 언어의 개념과 유형

1장_ 차별 언어의 개념 ··································································15

1. 한국 사회와 차별 언어 ·······························································15

2. 차별 언어의 개념에 대한 기존 정의 ············································19

3. 차별 언어의 개념에 대한 새로운 정의 ·········································28

2장_ 차별 언어의 유형과 연구 현황 ··········································38

1. 차별 언어의 유형 분류 ·······························································39

2. 차별 언어 연구 현황 ···································································60

2부_ 차별 언어의 쓰임 실태 분석

3장_ 국어사전 속의 성차별 ·························································73

1. 사전과 성차별 ···········································································76

2. 사전에 나타난 성차별의 유형과 정도 ···········································80

2.1 성차별 표현의 유형별 사례 분석 ···············································80

2.2 성차별 표현의 유형별 비중 ·······················································90

3. 성차별 표현의 내용과 발생 원인 ·················································92

3.1 성차별 표현의 내용 ···································································92

3.2 성차별 표현의 발생 원인 ·························································106

4장_ 북한 국어사전 속의 성차별 ···············································121

1. 사전 거시구조와 관련된 여성 차별 표현의 유형 ·························123

1.1 올림말에서 나타나는 여성 차별 ···············································124

1.2 뜻풀이에서 나타나는 여성 차별 ···············································126

1.3 용례에서 나타나는 여성 차별 ··················································129

2. 여성 차별 표현의 내용 갈래 ······················································131

2.1 여성을 배제하기 ······································································132

2.2 아내를 남편에 종속시키기 ·······················································135

2.3 여성을 주부나 아내 등의 성 역할에 묶어두기 ··························138

2.4 여성의 품위를 떨어뜨리기 ·······················································141

2.5 여성을 남성의 하위자로 다루기 ···············································143

3. 남북한 국어사전의 차이와 그 원인 ············································145

5장_ 인터넷 공간의 여성 비하 표현 ·········································152

1. 여성 비하 표현의 유형과 쓰임 ··················································155

1.1 유형 분류 ···············································································155

1.2 쓰임과 의미 ············································································160

2. 여성 비하 표현에 대한 누리꾼들의 태도 ····································187

6장_ 인종과 민족 차별 표현 ·····················································198

1. 인종과 민족 차별 표현의 유형별 사례 분석 ·······························202

1.1 차별 대상에 따른 분류 ····························································202

1.2 언어 형식에 따른 분류 ····························································220

2. 인종과 민족 차별 표현의 쓰임 ··················································225__

2.1 언론 언어 영역 ·······································································225

2.2 인터넷 댓글 언어 영역 ····························································229

7장_ 속담 속의 장애 차별 ·························································239

1. 장애인 관련 속담의 유형 ··························································241

2. 장애 차별 속담의 어휘와 의미 ··················································248

3. 언론 기사문에 쓰인 장애 차별 속담 비판 ··································260

8장_ SNS 공간의 지역 차별 표현 ············································271

1. 지역 차별 표현의 유형 ······························································274

2. 트위터 공간 지역 차별 표현의 쓰임과 분포 ·······························285

2.1 쓰임 사례 ···············································································285

2.2 사회적 요인에 따른 분포 ·························································294

9장_ 직업의 위계와 차별 ··························································303

1. 직업 이름의 언어 요소와 유형 ··················································306

2. 직업의 서열과 언어 요소의 관련성 ············································315

3. 직업 이름과 관련된 대립과 차별: 의사와 간호사 ························333

10장_ 토론 게시판의 종교 차별 표현 ······································346

1. 종교별 차별 표현의 쓰임 ··························································347

1.1 기독교 차별 ············································································348

1.2 불교 차별 ···············································································353

1.3 무속 종교 차별 ·······································································357

1.4 기타 종교 차별 ·······································································359

2. 종교 차별 표현의 쓰임 맥락 ······················································360

3부_ 차별 언어 사용의 문제점과 해결 방안

11장_ 차별 언어 사용의 문제점 ················································369

1. 개인 및 가정의 문제 ·································································370

2. 사회 및 국가의 문제 ·································································376

3. 인류 공동체의 문제 ···································································381

12장_ 차별 언어 사용 문제의 해결 방안 ·································387

1. 정부 차원의 노력 ······································································388

2. 언론 및 사회 차원의 노력 ·························································399

3. 개인 차원의 노력 ······································································403

참고문헌 ······················································································408

찾아보기 ·······················································································428

 

 

페이지수: 450P 신국판형 정가 :20,000원 발행일 : 2014년02월17일 ISBN : 978-89-93454-79-6-93700